绿化苗木浇水方法
Watering methods of green seedlings
对水的要求较严，其特点足喜欢湿润，伯涝。在土壤湿润的情况下生长良好，否则生长明显不良。银杏苗若在水中浸泡3-4天，就会全部死亡。因此在生产过程中，要特别注意银杏的浇水和排水问题。
The requirements for water are strict, and its characteristics are wet and waterlogged. If the soil is wet, it will grow well, otherwise it will grow badly. If Ginkgo biloba seedlings are immersed in water for 3-4 days, they will all die. Therefore, in the production process, we should pay special attention to the water and drainage of Ginkgo biloba.
(1)浇水原则:从银杏生长过程来讲，应掌握以春季为重点，采用多次少量勤浇水的原则。春季是银杏浇水的关键时期，6月底至7月初银杏的新梢停止生长。银杏从发芽前后到麦收前后是需水的关键时期，然而这-时期一般年份是少雨干旱季节，因此，要多次少量勤浇水，保持土壤湿润.使土壤含水量保持在田间最大持水量的60%-80%。6月下旬全7月下旬是银杏种仁生长发育的高峰，需水量较大，但是一般情况下此期为多雨季节，若遇到天气干旱，就必须浇水，否则会影响种仁的生长发育.造成减产。秋季以后到土境封冻前，银杏需水量较春季少，不遇到特殊干旱一般不浇水。土壤封冻前-般要烧-次封冻水。银杏采叶园浇水比结果园要多，9月底以前只要干旱就要浇水。
(1) watering principle: in terms of the growth process of Ginkgo biloba, we should master the principle of focusing on spring and using several times and a small amount of frequent watering. Spring is the key period for ginkgo to be watered. The growth of new shoots of Ginkgo stopped from the end of June to the beginning of July. Ginkgo biloba is the key period of water demand from before and after germination to before and after wheat harvest. However, this period is generally a dry season with little rain. Therefore, it is necessary to water it frequently to keep the soil moist, so as to keep the soil moisture content at 60% - 80% of the maximum field water capacity. In late June and late July, the growth and development of Ginkgo biloba seed kernel is the peak, and the water demand is large, but in general, this period is rainy season, if the weather is dry, it must be watered, otherwise it will affect the growth and development of ginkgo seed kernel, resulting in the reduction of production. After autumn, the water requirement of Ginkgo biloba is less than that of spring before the soil is frozen, and it is generally not watered if there is no special drought. Before the soil is frozen, it is generally required to burn the secondary frozen water. More water is needed in Ginkgo leaf picking garden than in fruiting garden. Before the end of September, as long as there is drought, water is needed.
(2)灌水方法:目前我国大部分地区多采用大水漫灌。这种灌溉方法的缺点是浪费水，破坏土壤理化性状，养分流失严重，土壤水分有效利用期短，不利于银杏生长。改革灌水方法是节约用水、科学用水的重要技术措施。根据银杏的生长特性和生产实践，最好的清水方法是喷灌和微喷洒，这两种灌溉方法可以增加银杏的生长量。所以有条件的地方，要大力推广喷灌、滴灌和微喷灌。暂时不具备条件的地方，也要改大水漫灌为穴灌或沟灌。
(2) irrigation method: at present, flood irrigation is widely used in most areas of China. The disadvantages of this irrigation method are waste of water, destruction of soil physical and chemical properties, serious loss of nutrients, short effective use of soil water, which is not conducive to the growth of Ginkgo biloba. The reform of irrigation method is an important technical measure for water conservation and scientific use. According to the growth characteristics and production practice of Ginkgo biloba, the best method of clean water is spray irrigation and micro spray, which can increase the growth of Ginkgo biloba. Therefore, where conditions permit, we should vigorously promote sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation and micro sprinkler irrigation. In places where conditions are not available for the time being, flood irrigation should also be changed into hole irrigation or ditch irrigation.